Which of the following services are usually not offered by victim-witness assistance programs

1. Which of the following services are usually not offered by victim-witness assistance programs?

   	a.	Property return.
   	b.	Court orientation.
   	c.	Reimbursement for hotel costs.
   	d.	Filing a civil lawsuit against the offender.
   	e.	Employer intervention.

5 points

QUESTION 2

1. During sentencing, the judge rules that any property the convicted defendant currently owns or may come to own in the future shall be used to reimburse the victims for $5,000 in medical expenses. Which of the following terms best describes this situation?

   	a.	Plea bargain.
   	b.	Sentencing enhancement.
   	c.	Sentencing modification.
   	d.	Civil restitution lien.
   	e.	Alternative sentencing arrangement.

5 points

QUESTION 3

1. Which of the following is not a type of restitution?

   	a.	Monetary-victim restitution.
   	b.	Monetary-community restitution.
   	c.	Service-victim restitution.
   	d.	Service-community restitution.
   	e.	Redemptive-state restitution.

5 points

QUESTION 4

1. What is the greatest difference between victim offender mediation (VOM) and family group conferencing (FGC)?

   	a.	The focus on felony offenses.
   	b.	The use of arbitration.
   	c.	Making recommendations to the court for sentencing.
   	d.	Inclusion of the offender.
   	e.	Allowing family and friends to participate.

5 points

QUESTION 5

1. Which of the following terms are victimologists referring to when they talk about the number of individuals who experience a victimization episode within a certain period of time?

   	a.	Victimization rate.
   	b.	Prevalence data.
   	c.	Incidence data.
   	d.	Episodic victimization.
   	e.	Repeat victimization.

5 points

QUESTION 6

1. A plan that requires offenders to pay their victims for expenses resulting from the crime is called what?

   	a.	Compensation.
   	b.	Aftermath assistance.
   	c.	Restitution.
   	d.	Retribution.
   	e.	Resolution.

5 points

QUESTION 7

1. Which of the following is not a stumbling block or problem when it comes to restitution?

   	a.	Only about 20 percent of the Index Crimes are cleared by an arrest.
   	b.	Many victims do not request restitution.
   	c.	Many offenders lack jobs or the economic means to pay restitution.
   	d.	Calculating the victim’s loss and the appropriate level of restitution can be difficult to determine.
   	e.	All of the above are stumbling blocks.

5 points

QUESTION 8

1. Emergency room doctors contact the local police department after confirming a diagnosis of physical abuse involving a 12‒year‒old child. After the child receives medical treatment, what immediate action should the police officer take?

   	a.	Arrest the adult who accompanied the child to the hospital.
   	b.	Place the child in protective custody.
   	c.	Get a search warrant to see whether there are other children in the house since they might be at risk of becoming abused.
   	d.	Empanel a grand jury investigation.
   	e.	Initiate the adoption process.

5 points

QUESTION 9

1. Which of the following is the level of proof required in a civil suit?

   	a.	Proof beyond a reasonable doubt.
   	b.	A preponderance of evidence.
   	c.	Probable suspicion.
   	d.	Reasonable suspicion.
   	e.	Uncontested evidence.

5 points

QUESTION 10

1. Generally speaking, hate or bias crimes target victims because of what?

   	a.	Such personal characteristics as socioeconomic status and political affiliation.
   	b.	Such personal characteristics as educational background and type of school they attended.
   	c.	Such personal characteristics as race, ethnicity, religion, or sexual orientation.
   	d.	Such impersonal characteristics as current location and time of day.
   	e.	Such impersonal characteristics as routine activities or lifestyles.

5 points

QUESTION 11

1. The random sampling of victimization surveys has selected your residence to participate in the latest round of the NCVS. You are the only person at home when the interviewer arrives. The interviewer asks you, “Have you or anyone at this address been the victim of a violent crime in the past six months?” By answering this question, you represent which of the following?

   	a.	A household respondent.
   	b.	A self-respondent.
   	c.	A family representative.
   	d.	An adult respondent.
   	e.	Only B and C above.

5 points

QUESTION 12

1. What does the term false zeroesrefer to?

   	a.	Untrue victim reports of hate crime incidents.
   	b.	Exaggerated media coverage of alleged hate crime incidents that turn out to be unfounded.
   	c.	The practice of assuming that no hate crimes have occurred whenever an agency fails to submit a hate crime incident report form.
   	d.	Agency practice of clearing a hate crime even though an arrest has not been made or a suspect has not been named.
   	e.	None of the above.

5 points

QUESTION 13

1. Which of the following groups was responsible for detecting and recognizing child abuse?

   	a.	Law enforcement.
   	b.	Pediatricians.
   	c.	Nurses.
   	d.	Concerned neighbors.
   	e.	Radiologists.

5 points

QUESTION 14

1. The annual FBI Uniform Crime Reports publications are based upon which of the following?

   	a.	Victim surveys.
   	b.	Self-report data.
   	c.	Crimes known to the police.
   	d.	Insurance reports.
   	e.	The dark figure of crime.

5 points

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following items describes the term hierarchical reporting?

   	a.	Crimes are ranked according to the temporal order in which they occur during a criminal event.
   	b.	If multiple offenses occur during a criminal event, the entire incident is recorded under the most serious offense.
   	c.	Agencies are ranked by the number of crimes they report.
   	d.	The incident is cataloged by the number of officers dispatched to the scene.
   	e.	The seriousness of a property crime is determined by the value of the property that is lost or damaged.

5 points

QUESTION 16

1. Which of the following assumptions have guided efforts to provide victim-witness services?

   	a.	They further police-community relations.
   	b.	Witnesses have a civic duty to cooperate with the authorities.
   	c.	A rapid police response time increases the chances of a successful suspect apprehension at the crime scene.
   	d.	Witness cooperation is essential to suspect rehabilitation.
   	e.	Witness cooperation is essential to successful convictions.

5 points

QUESTION 17

1. A plan that requires the state to reimburse victims for expenses resulting from the crime is called what?

   	a.	Victim compensation.
   	b.	Aftermath assistance.
   	c.	Restitution.
   	d.	Retribution.
   	e.	Resolution.

5 points

QUESTION 18

1. A research design that surveys the same people numerous times at regular intervals is called what?

   	a.	Longitudinal design.
   	b.	Panel design.
   	c.	Prospective design.
   	d.	Retrospective design.
   	e.	Cross-sectional design.

5 points

QUESTION 19

1. To what does the Apprendi Rulerefer?

   	a.	Arresting officers are obligated to issue Mirandawarnings in every hate crime arrest.
   	b.	Judges are obligated to issue Mirandawarnings to every hate crime defendant who appears in court.
   	c.	Any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum can be decided by the presiding judge using the preponderance of evidence standard.
   	d.	Any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury and proved beyond a reasonable doubt.
   	e.	Any fact that decreases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory minimum must be submitted to a jury and proved beyond a reasonable doubt.

5 points

QUESTION 20

1. Usually, several distinctive elements must intersect before a meaningful collective response is generated. Which of the following is not one of those elements?

   	a.	Trigger event.
   	b.	Media coverage.
   	c.	Moral panic.
   	d.	Powerful interest groups.
   	e.	All of the above.

5 points

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