Select the best answer for the multiple choice questions..

QUESTION 1

1. The ruling in the affirmative action cases involving the University of Michigan indicated that _________.

   		racial and ethnic characteristics could not be considered in admissions
   		diversity was a compelling educational interest for the institution
   		special classes must be established for minority students
   		hiring faculty members must be gender-neutral

4 points

QUESTION 2

1. Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990 because

   		overpopulation had made the acquisition of new territory critical to Iraq’s survival.
   		Kuwait had threatened to cut off oil exports to Iraq.
   		Iraq wanted to dominate the Middle East.
   		a debt-ridden Iraq wanted Kuwaiti oil after 10 years of war with Iran.

4 points

QUESTION 3

1. After the conservative resurgence in American politics during the period 1976-2005 __________.

   		federal expenditures dropped to all-time lows
   		the national debt practically disappeared
   		income distribution was more equitable in America
   		big government was still present

4 points

QUESTION 4

1. James Blight, co-author of Wilson’s Ghost, believes that in the twenty-first century, ___________.

   		an effective international organization for peace will be created
   		proliferation of nuclear weapons is inevitable
   		terrorists will dominate the Middle East
   		not killing other human beings must be a priority

4 points

QUESTION 5

1. One of President Clinton’s most significant accomplishments was ____________.

   		restoring integrity to the White House
   		putting America’s fiscal house in order
   		making liberalism dominant again
   		reforming the American health care system

4 points

QUESTION 6

1. President Clinton believed that the economic health of the United States depended on

   		its nurturing established industries and jobs.
   		the free flow of products and capital across national borders.
   		the removal from trade agreements of provisions to protect the environment.
   		the strength of labor unions in other countries.

4 points

QUESTION 7

1. The national defense strategy adopted by President George W. Bush in 2002 __________.

   		stressed war as a last resort in settling disputes
   		argued for preemptive use of American military power
   		emphasized the importance of multilateralism
   		included tax increases to fund military operations

4 points

QUESTION 8

1. Some of the most vigorous support for the growing grassroots conservative movement of the 1970s emerged among

   		urban dwellers in the Northeast.
   		middle-class suburban men and women in the South and West.
   		African Americans in the South.
   		former members of Lyndon Johnson’s administration.

4 points

QUESTION 9

1. The changes that took place in the Soviet Union in the late 1980s were primarily attributable to ____________.

   		clever diplomacy by Ronald Reagan
   		reform proposals initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev
   		American threats of “star wars”
   		Russian fears of attacks from NATO forces

4 points

QUESTION 10

1. James Blight, co-author of Wilson’s Ghost, believes the United States has a special role in the twenty-first century because America ____________.

   		can create the most good or the most harm
   		will fulfill God’s mission to spread Christianity
   		can dominate the global economy for the next one hundred years
   		will make the world safe for democracy

4 points

QUESTION 11

1. Affirmative action is a policy that ______________.

   		pays attention to race and gender in decision-making
   		reverses the gains of the civil rights laws of the 1960s
   		guarantees jobs for unqualified applicants
   		explains why white men have lost status in America

4 points

QUESTION 12

1. Republicans gained control of Congress in the 1994 elections partly because of ____________.

   		Clinton’s failure to appoint minorities to office
   		majority popular support for banning all abortions
   		slash and burn politics championed by Newt Gingrich
   		their proposals to solve the health care crisis

4 points

QUESTION 13

1. One effect in the United States of the “outsourcing” of work in the 1980s and 1990s was ________.

   		lower corporate profits
   		devastation of former industrial centers
   		improved quality of consumer service and satisfaction
   		narrowing of wage gaps in most industries

4 points

QUESTION 14

1. Bill Clinton was impeached for all of the following reasons EXCEPT ___________.

   		illegally trading arms for the release of hostages
   		polarization of American politics
   		doing some stupid things
   		media failure to put issues in context

4 points

QUESTION 15

1. Operation Desert Storm can best be characterized as

   		a fiasco for the United States that resulted in thousands of deaths and an erosion of morale.
   		a war that President George H. W. Bush waged without the support of Congress.
   		a war that President George H. W. Bush waged with the consent of Congress and the support of most Americans.
   		an aborted attempt to invade Iraq.

4 points

QUESTION 16

1. Economic developments of the late twentieth century indicate that Americans are ________.

   		confident that stock market investing is based on careful analysis
   		still searching for the ideal mix of public policy and private initiatives
   		likely to be plagued by a shortage of workers for years to come
   		better off when the government stays out of corporate affairs

4 points

QUESTION 17

1. The Iraq War represented a departure from the post-1945 American foreign policy of _______________.

   		multilateralism
   		isolationism
   		unilateralism
   		militarism

4 points

QUESTION 18

1. During the Reagan years, feminists were successful in their efforts to

   		expand day care services for low-income women.
   		retain the basic principles of Roe v. Wade
   		secure the federal government’s support of equal pay for equal work.
   		expand federal funding of domestic violence programs.

4 points

QUESTION 19

1. One reason George H. W. Bush ultimately abandoned his no-new-taxes pledge was that he

   		had inherited a huge budget deficit from the Reagan administration.
   		came to believe that higher taxes would solidify his conservative base.
   		never intended to honor the pledge in the first place.
   		hoped to expand costly domestic programs.

4 points

QUESTION 20

1. In general, unions lost influence in the 1980s and 1990s because ________.

   		New Deal legislation was repealed
   		they no longer served a useful purpose in the American economy
   		employers gained more political, social, and cultural power
   		more women entered the work force

4 points

QUESTION 21

1. President George W. Bush’s environmental policies reflected his overall commitment to

   		limiting the power of big business.
   		conserving energy and developing alternative energy sources.
   		protecting disadvantaged Americans.
   		reducing government regulation and promoting economic growth.

4 points

QUESTION 22

1. Protesters at the November 1999 demonstrations in Seattle reflected a new alliance between environmentalists and

   		big business.
   		the oil industry.
   		feminists.
   		labor unions.

4 points

QUESTION 23

1. The United States intervened in 1991 to repel the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait because the

   		Kuwaitis were the only people practicing democracy in the region.
   		United States needed to maintain access to Kuwait’s oil resources.
   		Saudi Arabian government asked the United States to send troops to Kuwait.
   		Soviet Union asked the United States to overthrow Saddam’s government.

4 points

QUESTION 24

1. Ultimately, President Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative

   		achieved a success rate of 20 percent.
   		achieved a success rate of 40 percent.
   		achieved a success rate of 80 percent.
   		failed.

4 points

QUESTION 25

1. President Clinton ordered missile attacks on sites in Afghanistan in the summer of 1998 because he

   		hoped to kill Osama bin Laden and his followers.
   		wanted to reinstate self-determination in Afghanistan.
   		suspected they were the sites of terrorist training camps.
   		wanted to put an end to fighting in Afghanistan.

PART 2

QUESTION 1

1. By the time Ronald Reagan left office in 1989, the United States and the Soviet Union

   		were on the brink of nuclear war.
   		had resolved all of their disputes.
   		had agreed to destroy all their nuclear weapons.
   		had reached their highest level of cooperation since World War II.

4 points

QUESTION 2

1. In a meeting at the White House in September 1993, Yasir Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin

   		embraced and promised to end the fighting in Israel and the Gaza Strip.
   		agreed to Palestinian recognition of Israel and Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
   		were unable to come to any agreement.
   		agreed to form a joint government in Jerusalem.

4 points

QUESTION 3

1. In general, unions lost influence in the 1980s and 1990s because ________.

   		New Deal legislation was repealed
   		they no longer served a useful purpose in the American economy
   		employers gained more political, social, and cultural power
   		more women entered the work force

4 points

QUESTION 4

1. One of the objectives of “free trade” is to _____________.

   		improve labor standards
   		maximize consumption
   		protect the environment
   		increase government revenues

4 points

QUESTION 5

1. Despite the antifeminist tone of the Reagan administration, feminists and the administration found common ground in

   		lobbying for the Equal Rights Amendment.
   		expanding abortion rights.
   		expanding child care for poor working women.
   		helping single and divorced mothers collect court-ordered child support payments.

4 points

QUESTION 6

1. Amory Lovins, author of Natural Capitalism, believes a new industrial revolution will involve ___________.

   		reducing environmental regulations
   		using nature more productively
   		drilling for oil in Alaska
   		opening national parks for logging

4 points

QUESTION 7

1. President George H. W. Bush saw himself as a guardian of the Reagan legacy, but he was more inclined than President Reagan had been to

   		veto environmental legislation.
   		lift restrictions on abortion.
   		approve government activity in the private sphere.
   		separate government and the private sphere.

4 points

QUESTION 8

1. Operation Desert Storm can best be characterized as

   		a fiasco for the United States that resulted in thousands of deaths and an erosion of morale.
   		a war that President George H. W. Bush waged without the support of Congress.
   		a war that President George H. W. Bush waged with the consent of Congress and the support of most Americans.
   		an aborted attempt to invade Iraq.

4 points

QUESTION 9

1. In the presidential election of 2000, George W. Bush

   		won the popular vote and the electoral college vote.
   		won the popular vote.
   		won the electoral college vote.
   		officially lost the election to Al Gore.

4 points

QUESTION 10

1. The United States had supported the Shah of Iran prior to his ouster in 1979 because he was a ___________.

   		non-communist ruler in a strategic area
   		democratic leader in region dominated by dictators
   		loyal ally of the Israeli government
   		champion of human rights at home

4 points

QUESTION 11

1. Congressional elections in 1994 established

   		Democratic majorities in the House and Senate.
   		a Democratic majority in the House and a Republican majority in the Senate.
   		a Republican majority in the House and a Democratic majority in the Senate.
   		Republican majorities in the House and Senate.

4 points

QUESTION 12

1. President Carter’s most important success in mediating the political crises in the Middle East came when he

   		stopped Egypt from attacking Israel in 1977.
   		convinced Israel to give up the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
   		convinced Egypt to recognize Israel and Israel to gradually withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula.
   		persuaded Israel to settle the issue of the Palestinian refugees for good.

4 points

QUESTION 13

1. One effect of the “yuppie” culture was _____________.

   		the expansion of poverty programs in the 1980s
   		mainstreaming consumption as a means of personal identity
   		movement to the suburbs
   		rejection of materialism

4 points

QUESTION 14

1. The United States aided Islamic fundamentalist rebels in Afghanistan in the late 1970s and 1980s in order to ____________.

   		promote human rights in the region
   		support the unification of rival factions
   		entrap the Soviet Union in a devastating war
   		gain intelligence information on terrorism

4 points

QUESTION 15

1. In 1979, in response to the nation’s dependence on foreign oil, President Carter established the

   		Department of Energy.
   		Department of Health and Human Services.
   		Energy Protection Agency.
   		Bureau of Energy Conservation.

4 points

QUESTION 16

1. One effect in the United States of the “outsourcing” of work in the 1980s and 1990s was ________.

   		lower corporate profits
   		devastation of former industrial centers
   		improved quality of consumer service and satisfaction
   		narrowing of wage gaps in most industries

4 points

QUESTION 17

1. James Blight, co-author of Wilson’s Ghost, believes the United States has a special role in the twenty-first century because America ____________.

   		can create the most good or the most harm
   		will fulfill God’s mission to spread Christianity
   		can dominate the global economy for the next one hundred years
   		will make the world safe for democracy

4 points

QUESTION 18

1. President George W. Bush’s environmental policies reflected his overall commitment to

   		limiting the power of big business.
   		conserving energy and developing alternative energy sources.
   		protecting disadvantaged Americans.
   		reducing government regulation and promoting economic growth.

4 points

QUESTION 19

1. The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 ____________.

   		validated the containment policy applied by the United States since the 1940s
   		removed communism from the world arena
   		assured prosperity for the Russian people
   		illustrated the futility of American “soft” power

4 points

QUESTION 20

1. Republicans gained control of Congress in the 1994 elections partly because of ____________.

   		Clinton’s failure to appoint minorities to office
   		majority popular support for banning all abortions
   		slash and burn politics championed by Newt Gingrich
   		their proposals to solve the health care crisis

4 points

QUESTION 21

1. During his first few years in office, President George W. Bush proved to be __________.

   		more liberal than people expected
   		willing to cut defense spending
   		the most conservative president since Coolidge
   		a compassionate protector of the poor

4 points

QUESTION 22

1. According to Dolores Huerta, making changes in government and society requires all of the following EXCEPT ____________.

   		elite education
   		self-effort
   		direct action
   		organization

4 points

QUESTION 23

1. During the 1990s, new immigration to the United States contributed to growing levels of diversity

   		only on the East Coast.
   		only in the Southwest.
   		primarily in the Midwest.
   		across the nation.

4 points

QUESTION 24

1. American popular culture is attractive in other countries in part because it _________.

   		represents a blending of different group influences
   		stresses the spiritual side of nature
   		emphasizes the simplicity of life
   		values community rather than individual interests

4 points

QUESTION 25

1. In the current age of globalization, __________.

   		people are better off in every nation
   		national identity may be lessened
   		American values are sure to dominate
   		national interests are irrelevant

3. PART 3
   Question 1

All of the following were consequences of the end of the Cold War EXCEPT ___________.

capitalism spread further in the world

fear of nuclear conflagration lessened

non-state groups had more freedom to operate

regional alliances were no longer relevant
4 points

QUESTION 2

James Blight, co-author of Wilson’s Ghost, believes the United States has a special role in the twenty-first century because America __________.

can create the most good or the most harm

will fulfill God’s mission to spread Christianity

can dominate the global economy for the next one hundred years

will make the world safe for democracy
4 points

QUESTION 3

1. At the core of the controversy over the USA PATRIOT Act was the __________.

trade-off between security and liberty

inadequacy of funding levels

issue of compensating victims of terrorism

authorization for a war against Iraq
4 points

QUESTION 4

Ronald Reagan earned the nickname the “Teflon President” because

none of his mistakes or falsehoods seemed to stick to him.

of his tough stance against the Soviet Union.

he was a strong supporter of the cookware industry.

he survived an assassination attempt in March 1981.
4 points

QUESTION 5

One of the major effects of recent globalization has been ________.

less air and water contamination

more effective protection of the environment

less demand on the world’s natural resources

more possibilities for environmental pollution
4 points

QUESTION 6

The slumping economy of the late 1970s contributed to a national sense of ______.

frustration

sacrifice

patriotism

cooperation
4 points

QUESTION 7

The word “liberal” became a dirty word in the 1980s because _______.

conservatives provided the definition of the term

liberals supported drug use and prostitution

conservatives successfully balanced the budget

liberals stopped believing in equal rights
4 points

QUESTION 8

Economic developments of the late twentieth century indicate that Americans are ______.

confident that stock market investing is based on careful analysis

still searching for the ideal mix of public policy and private initiatives

likely to be plagued by a shortage of workers for years to come

better off when the government stays out of corporate affairs
4 points

QUESTION 9

The United States aided Islamic fundamentalist rebels in Afghanistan in the late 1970s and 1980s in order to __________.

promote human rights in the region

support the unification of rival factions

entrap the Soviet Union in a devastating war

gain intelligence information on terrorism
4 points

QUESTION 10

Major concerns of women in the contemporary work force include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

combining household and job responsibilities

persistence of the wage gap

lack of security and benefits in the private sector

fewer opportunities to enter the professions
4 points

QUESTION 11

Bill Clinton won the 1992 presidential election for all of the following reasons EXCEPT _______.

his skills as a campaigner

Ross Perot dropped out of the race

the economy went into a slump

George H.W. Bush’s weaknesses
4 points

QUESTION 12

The group that best symbolized Americans’ celebration of wealth in the 1980s was the

Christian Coalition.

John Birch Society.

hippies.

yuppies.
4 points

QUESTION 13

One effect of the “yuppie” culture was ___________.

the expansion of poverty programs in the 1980s

mainstreaming consumption as a means of personal identity

movement to the suburbs

rejection of materialism
4 points

QUESTION 14

President Reagan’s handling of the air traffic controllers’ (PATCO) strike in 1981 _____.

resulted in safer skies for flying

led to better wages and conditions throughout the industry

closed major airports for weeks

sent a chilling message to the union movement
4 points

QUESTION 15

Early in his presidency, Bill Clinton’s ambitious plan for health care reform failed because

the public did not want reforms.

Congress could not be persuaded to vote for it.

the health care industry refused to support it.

the plan was not comprehensive.
4 points

QUESTION 16

The Iraq War caused the United States to lose international prestige because President George W. Bush had _________.

made a deal to sell arms for the release of hostages

been too sensitive to concerns of European allies

forbidden American firms to profit from the undertaking

authorized the invasion of a sovereign nation without provocation
4 points

QUESTION 17

In the video, “Life in the Fast Lane,” the Peg Burns-Philip Deloria family illustrated the ___________.

harshness of inner-city life

continuation of the 1950s “Leave it to Beaver” lifestyle

discrimination women face in the job market

changing roles for women and men in the modern household
4 points

QUESTION 18

By the time Ronald Reagan left office in 1989, the United States and the Soviet Union

were on the brink of nuclear war.

had resolved all of their disputes.

had agreed to destroy all their nuclear weapons.

had reached their highest level of cooperation since World War II.
4 points

QUESTION 19

During the 1980s and 1990s, the work force in America ________.

became more segmented between low- and high-wage workers

moved toward solidarity with European workers

favored the removal of government regulations on industry

had more opportunities for manufacturing jobs
4 points

QUESTION 20

The “Reagan Revolution” resulted in a ________.

balanced federal budget for the first time in decades

constitutional ban on gay marriage

sharp reduction in the size of the government

domination of conservatism in American political rhetoric
4 points

QUESTION 21

One of the major factors supporting the culture of wealth in the 1980s and 1990s was the __________.

easy availability of credit

popularity of the religious right

development of the Internet

narrowing of the income gap between rich and poor
4 points

QUESTION 22

Affirmative action is a policy that ____________.

pays attention to race and gender in decision-making

reverses the gains of the civil rights laws of the 1960s

guarantees jobs for unqualified applicants

explains why white men have lost status in America
4 points

QUESTION 23

By the late 1980s, the United States and the Soviet Union had ________.

removed China from the UN Security Council

dismantled their nuclear arsenals

agreed to significant disarmament arrangements

renewed hostilities on the Korean peninsula
4 points

QUESTION 24

The ruling in the affirmative action cases involving the University of Michigan indicated that _______.

racial and ethnic characteristics could not be considered in admissions

diversity was a compelling educational interest for the institution

special classes must be established for minority students

hiring faculty members must be gender-neutral
4 points

QUESTION 25

The Iran-Contra Affair during the Reagan administration involved all of the following EXCEPT ________.

adherence to law and congressional will

selling arms to a terrorist nation

illegal funding of rebels in Nicaragua

Oliver North’s distortions and destruction of documents